A special feature of this book which is not found in other books is that the reader is not required to have any pre-requisites of any understanding from high school or elsewhere. It is relevant to high school students, engineering and science colleges, diploma institutes, entrepreneurs and other industrial applications. An attempt has thus been made to make the text as simple as possible yet holding on to the complexities and advancement of the subject. The present book covers syllabi pertaining to technical institutes, engineering colleges and pure science colleges offering electronics or physics as a core or a generic subject. In other words, it is a compendium containing chapters related to AICTE, UGC and other boards in India and across the world.