Two significant sets of guidelines emerge from the study. First, household production modes?common in agriculture and services in less developed countries?have substantial implications for utilizing technologies that rely on domestic, non-wage labor. Second, the study cautions against placing excessive emphasis on developing new intermediate technologies through research and development, arguing instead for the effective use of the existing "technological shelf." A key conclusion is that economic and employment policies, if formulated in isolation from the specific political, social, and institutional context, are likely to fail.